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10 Best
College Degrees十大搶手的大學學位
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When it comes to your career, do you find
yourself searching for something more? Whether it is a higher paying job or
more rewarding work, the definition of “success” varies from person to
person. Most agree that job security coupled with a high salary spells
success at work, but did you pick the best college degree to prepare you for
the challenge?
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Whether
you’re making a career change or want to earn a degree online for the first
time, check our list of successful college degrees first. The following 10
best college degrees have better than average projected job and income growth
over the next decade.
A computer
scientist analyzes complex problems and finds ways to create or use new
technology. Since much of the preparation can be done remotely, earning an
online degree in computer science makes the most sense. According to the
Bureau of Labor and Statistics (BLS), the field of computer science is
expected to have above average employment growth up to 2016. Compensation for computer scientists ranges from about $57,000 to
$151,000 annually.
Keep your day job and go back to school for
a master’s degree in business administration. When you’re done with your
courses, you will be able to budget, organize, plan, hire employees and
manage organizations with great success.Employment opportunities are expected
to remain the same in the next decade, but earning potential is tops.
According to the BLS, salaries for top executives range from $58,000 to more
than $145,000 annually.
Civil
engineers are responsible for the planning and design of infrastructures such
as pipelines, sewage lines, transportation systems and buildings. Earning a
degree in engineering is a great first step toward a successful career.Jobs
for civil engineers are expected to quickly grow up to 2016 due to the
population’s need for infrastructure development. Annual earnings for civil
engineers range from $55,000 to $104,000.
Earning an
online degree in engineering certainly pays, especially since there are so
many jobs in this career field. Mechanical engineers>, for example, design
machines, processes, systems — anything mechanical. Because they are needed
in almost every type of manufacturing industry, the job outlook is expected
to increase, making engineering one of the best college degrees top
pursue.What about salary? Mechanical engineers can make anywhere from $54,000
to $73,000 or more annually, depending on location and the state of the
economy.
A degree in
accounting is one of the best online degrees to earn, especially since many
tedious aspects of this career have been assumed by software
programs.Globalization has led to the establishment of new trade and
accounting rules, so to meet these needs, accountants will be in very high
demand. Annual earnings for accountants range from $54,000 to $94,000.
There is
currently a high demand for registered nurses (RNs), and it is expected to
continue up to 2016. If you are an RN who wishes to earn more money, a
bachelor’s or master’s degree in nursing may be a good career move. For those
just getting started, a degree in health and human services can help
introduce you to the field. Depending on level of experience and specialty,
nurses make between $40,000 and $83,000 annually.
Generally,
pharmacists dispense prescription drugs while advising individuals on proper
dosage and possible side effects. To practice in the United States,
pharmacists must earn a Doctor of Pharmacy degree and a license to
practice.Within the next decade, employment for pharmacists is expected to
increase at a high rate — will you be ready? Starting out with a degree in
health care can help you get familiar with the field. The average annual
salary is between $68,000 and $102,000.
Aspiring lawyers must attend three years of
law school and pass the Law School Admission Test, but if you are interested
in seeking justice for citizens and retribution for victims, earning a degree
in criminal justice, one branch of the law, could be a great first step.Employment
is expected to increase for lawyers at an average rate up to 2016, and
average annual earnings range between $70,000 and $146,000.
To become a
dentist in the United States, eight total years of college and dental school
must be completed to earn a license. If that feels like too much school for
you, check out other options in dentistry, such as dental hygienist or
medical transcriptionist. According to the BLS, the demand for dentists is
expected to increase steadily in the next decade, making it one of the best
college degrees available. The average salaried dentist makes about $137,000
a year.
Companies
use marketing to sell products that people need or want to buy. A marketing
manager oversees this process and, due to the many industries that require
this position, employment opportunities are expected to increase at an
average rate. Earning a degree in business with a focus on marketing is a
great first step.Marketing job earnings vary according to industry, but range
between $91,000 and $120,000 a year.
06/17/2015/
Eng/63B
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Showing posts with label 社會百態. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 社會百態. Show all posts
Tuesday, June 30, 2015
十大搶手的大學學位
Wednesday, May 6, 2015
學術殿堂的潛在色情
學術殿堂的潛在色情
週末下午還被單位逼來，上一個與本職學能無甚關係的課，恁誰都是老大不願意吧---我故意遲到了10分鐘，簽到進埸，乖乖，講堂𥚃早已滿滿坐著熟或不熟的同事，從高層大佬到小兵如我。
好不容易找到一個空位坐定，才意識到週遭分外安靜。是什麼重要新穎的內容吸引了聽眾如此專心聽講？
真的是鴉雀無聲.....呵呵。好怪！
幾分鐘後才參出箇中道理--是台上那位女講者的超短迷你裙。
大約卅開外，大骨架，黑臉短髮，厚唇加幾顆麻子，說話聲音粗戛，談不上任何風韻或氣質，但敢穿。大朵紅花綠底俗麗到破表的紗質連身短裙，荷葉邊，走路時一掀一掀地，三吋高跟鞋咚咚響，兩條沒穿絲襪的運動員似的長粗腿，一樣黑，遠看著倒有些動物性，竟然就攫住了全場這群異性戀直男們的目光。
這樣庸俗的一雙腿呵.......竟然可以....
我幾乎有些陷入悲傷了。
講臺有及肩高，坐前幾排的應該裙底風光一覧無遺罷....
「原來取悅異性戀男人還真不難耶，好不挑耶...」我驚訝：幾乎是敢露就可以了。
講者也彷彿知道她己經征服了全場，說話聲調輕快愉悅，偶而穿插幾句俏皮話，試圖營造一點風情萬種的氛圍，無奈出手總是重了些，字字珠璣成了珠玉掉滿地。
但整場卅分鐘幾乎沒有人移動過，像一群馴服的小學生。
除了我。除了我這個對女性魅力永遠免疫的男同志---只有同志對這一切的發生可以冷眼以対。
女人要如何存活在，由這異性戀男人主宰的權力世界𥚃？以性做交換該不算少見罷，眼前就是血淋淋活生生上演的例子。
而同志身處在同樣的世界，卻也沒有性可以交換，除了対這一切一切的發生，保持無比的清醒.....
05/06/2015
Tuesday, April 28, 2015
您被監聽了嗎?
您被監聽了嗎?
最近美國國家安全局一位年青僱員-Edward J.
Snowden在香港爆料，該局監聽全世界，不論美國國內、國外，開展代號「PRISM」(稜鏡) 的高度機密計劃，讓情報分析人員直接進入9間科網巨擘的伺服器(server)監控用戶資料。
PRISM被公開後引起外界質疑侵犯個人私隱，名單上的科網巨企紛紛強烈否認知情。因為這位『報馬仔』(註1) 是向美國Washington Post與英國Quardian(衛報) 舉發(註2)，而引起英、美人士的不滿。密報者年僅29歲，高中未畢業，是電腦高手，目前滯留蘇俄，已牽動美、中、俄三國情報界的大條神經，彼此暗中較勁應已展開(under way)。
(註1) informant密報者或斥候(偵查者)，美語用whistleblower「吹笛子的人，來通風報信」來封他更是傳神，台語又叫「抓粑仔」。
(註2)1960年代，震驚全球的Watergate Scandal (水門案) 也是向華盛頓郵報舉發，而密報者竟是FBI第二號人物，匿名叫Deep Throat(深喉嚨) 的人。似乎郵報已建立了一個專業地位-專門收集大密報的平面媒體。
眾所周知，美國自911事件後NAS (National Security Agency)-國安局的地位凌駕FBI(聯邦調查局) 與CIA(中情局) ，其年度經費比以上兩局總和還多。堪稱世界情報界的『巨無霸』，當然冷戰時期的蘇聯KGB根本不够看。
對於這隻怪獸，難道只能讓它為所欲為，賤踏民主的個人隱私權? 以前CIA行徑的惡名昭彰 (notoriety) 曾引起美國大眾不滿，Time(時報雜誌) 曾以封面故事 “Has CIA gone Too Far?” (CIA太過份了?) 為題大肆揭發，如今NSA之胆大作為千萬倍於CIA。如果您是美國公民，能無動于衷?
對美國的竊聽行為，亞洲各國迄無反應，但2013年6月11日在法國舉行的歐洲法學會議中，與會各國法界與民權領袖對NSA的Data Collection Program(資料收集計劃)的反應則群相發言，言詞犀利，他們一致認為是非法(illegal) 與違反立法(violation of legislature)。
至於爆料人是美國政府部門口中的defector (變節者)? traitor (叛國賊)? 或是部分百姓中的英雄 (hero)? 目前見人見智。不論他是什麼人，重要的是他爆的內容是否屬實. (It counts not so much who he might be as whether his disclosure or unveiling is true or not.) 但就兩周以來，有萬人以上網友在Face book上大聲疾呼，NSA公佈有關他們被竊之私人秘密看來，NSA官員如何申辯，得看其智慧。
另外【歐巴馬對監聽案的辯護】：
Justin Lai (賴正雄) 編譯
06/15/2013
台灣人的廉價正義-
台灣人的廉價正義-
前陣子，BBS大站臺，大批踢踢實業坊女板（WomenTalk）上，一篇「火車讓座」文章引起大量討論。該文作者指出自己懷有九個月身孕，持無座票搭乘火車時，一名年輕女子請她起來，把座位還給自己。作者認為該女子缺乏同理心，明明看見孕婦的肚子，卻不願讓座，於是偷偷拍下女子側臉放上網路。作者原意或許是尋求網友認同（俗稱「討拍」），不料卻引發眾怒，大量噓文、回文撻伐作者，討論串到最後，出現了那名當事人親自回覆——這名座位持有者表示，她本身也是孕婦，懷有五個月身孕，因此兩週前就買好票，「我自己的孩子自己保護，不會因為懷孕就以為整個自強號都是我的自由座」，網路上一片叫好。
而近日，藝人李蒨蓉及其親友進入軍方禁地，坐阿帕契攻擊直升機駕駛艙拍照打卡，除了引發國安爭議，更揭露了部份軍官挾裙帶關係，長期運用職權假公濟私。她在鏡頭前的白目發言造成公憤，炫富行徑當然也被挖出來追殺。
李蒨蓉的行為當然可恥，言談態度更是蠢得令人搖頭，然而阿帕契事件真正的問題是勞乃成之流知法犯法的軍官，讓我們看見了國軍腐敗的冰山一角。媒體和輿論起出更多類似案件，監督國防部徹底檢討，才是這件事的意義。對已經名聲發臭的李蒨蓉再多落井下石，都只是賺收視率，沒有任何監督政府的意義。而其他相關評論的話題，例如小S的發言，也只是搶了版面，讓事件真正的重點、及更多重要的議題入不了大眾之眼。
這兩件事情，都反映了台灣社會對「個人道德」和「公共責任」兩者要求不成比例的氛圍。相信大家都曾為讓座苦惱，公車捷運上的博愛座更時常空著沒人敢坐，「火車讓座」之所以引起熱烈討論，便是因為太多人曾有不愉快的經驗。那篇文章的作者放上座位持有人照片，也顯然有著要令她遭網路公審、人肉搜索的意圖；倘若當時風向相反，那名懷胎五月、正正當當持票乘車的女子就淪為眾矢之的了。之所以如此，正因網路公審的風氣興盛，令那名作者以為這麼做是正當合理的。而可怕的是，太多自詡正義的網路公審都來自對個人道德無限上綱的圍攻。
「我有時候很累，看到博愛座空著還是不敢坐，怕被人拍照。」有個同是媒體人的朋友這麼說。是啊，我們太常看到這種影像了，「捷運上旁若無人激情演出的情侶」、「學生霸佔博愛座」……即使這些人沒犯罪，依然受到全民公審、訕笑或唾罵。讓座是一份善心好意，而非法規上的責任，更何況許多隱性疾患不分年齡，外表上也未必看得出異樣。嚴重胃痛的OL能不能坐博愛座？腳踝扭傷的學生能不能坐博愛座？充滿活力打鬧的五歲兒童真比他們「弱勢」嗎？然而當廉價的正義成為輿論主流，讓座反而變成一種「義務」，沒做到就得承受其他乘客責難的冷眼，甚至成為話題。博愛座在英語國家叫「優先座」（priority seat），即老弱婦孺優先，但在台灣卻成為只有老人小孩孕婦身障者「有資格」，於是出現了連火車對號座都有人擺出「你該讓座給我」姿態的怪象。
在網路新媒體形態普及的年代，即時的大眾反應對輿論走向和接下來媒體報導的焦點深具影響力；甚至時常是網路上先掀起風波，媒體報導才跟進。這樣的互動是兩面刃，一方面主流媒體確實能報導大眾關心的事，而有利揭弊——不正是因為李蒨蓉愚蠢的拍照打卡才意外造成弊案曝光嗎？網路討論和媒體的交互作用對於輿論發酵有著正面作用，但另一方面，當主流網路輿論集中在對個人道德優劣的品評時，往往出言撻伐的人們自以為發出正義之聲，實際上只是對別人的家務事盲目吹哨。藝人豔照外流、九把刀和阿基師的劈腿和外遇、劉喬安是否賣淫，這些事情真的很重要嗎？捷運上有情侶互相愛撫、有人看到老人不讓座，或許很多人看不順眼，但值得花上多少社會資源去指指點點？相較起來，一項有侵害人權之虞的新法案、一個財團勾結縣市政府花納稅人的錢蓋蚊子館，台灣卻從來都少人關心。釋昭慧搭賓士和慈濟慣常採地目變更蠻橫開發，兩者孰輕孰重呢？是啊，畢竟悖德不倫的故事比較刺激，不用思考只需笑罵的討論比較省力。然而如果多數閱聽大眾要的只是輕鬆和刺激，那又有什麼立場罵媒體價值淪喪呢？
廉價的正義，反映出台灣依然深陷儒家傳統的「修身齊家治國平天下」思考桎梏中，以個人道德為先，甚至上綱到非公眾人物的平凡百姓私生活裡，而這樣的社會氛圍實則更方便國家機器將法律伸進人民的臥房、褲檔和個人電腦裡。當然鄉民的圍剿時常也是進步的力量，除了對特定的罪行產生遏阻效應外，也能督促社會大眾正視部分弱勢者的處境。然而當個人的「道德瑕疵」不是公訴罪範疇內的行為、或背後有更複雜的問題、甚或牽涉到法律本身是否失當時，輕易地論斷、撻伐，帶來的恐怕只是披著正義外皮的獵巫風潮。
台灣人普遍的熱心和「雞婆」是件美事，使這個社會相對溫情和安全。然而同樣的熱心，是否放在公共事務上？是否放在對複雜些的議題的理解上？這份雞婆的溫情，是否平等觸及處境困苦的東南亞移工、爭取婚姻平權的同性戀人、土地遭國家侵奪的原住民和農民？近年，台灣社會大眾對公共議題的關注有所增加，而這份關注應當追求與觀察、思考結合。批評一個女人放蕩總是最容易的，甚至自以為正義的；回過頭來檢視自己是否正是既得利益者群體中的一員、加害者的一員，或做足功課、思考行動而面對巨人搏鬥，才是艱難而漫長的正義實踐。
作者：劉美妤 -
文字及攝影工作者，畢業於台大外文系、哥倫比亞大學新聞所，現居台北。曾任中央社體育記者、《破週報》音樂記者，曾任《紐約時報》特約記者。關注社會與文化議題、國際政治、社會運動、原住民議題等，個人部落格：{流浪癖。Wanderlust}
Justin Lai-賴正雄 -轉載
04/28/2015
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